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Ghana Oil & Gas Info
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Page 1 of 3 Source: Ministry of Energy, GNPC, World Bank The energy sector of the Ghanaian national economy has the ministry of energy as the governing body responsible for the formulation and implementation of policy, regulatory issues, and administration as well as coordination of all organizations formed to help achieve the government’s energy objectives. The energy commission and energy foundation have been constituted to assist the sector ministry. The ministry of energy supervises the operations of Ghana National Petroleum Corporation (GNPC), the Tema Oil Refinery (TOR), the Volta River Authority (VRA) and the Electricity Company (ECG). The energy industry is divided into power and petroleum sub sectors.
The Power Sector The power sector is vested in the hands of Volta River Authority (VRA) and is responsible for the generation and transmission of electricity in Ghana and supplies electricity in bulk to ECG, which is responsible for distribution of electricity throughout the southern part of the country. VRA also distributes power in Northern Ghana through its subsidiary - Northern Electricity Department (NED). Ghana's energy sector is dominated by state-owned enterprises. Transmission and distribution of electricity are under state monopoly. Although Ghana is a net exporter of electrical energy in most years, low water levels at the Volta dam (Akosombo) the a source of hydroelectric energy generation frequently lead to supply shortages and electricity cuts. The energy sector accounts to about 3.2% of GDP.
The capacity of the Akosombo plant is being increased to 1,050 MW with the help of the World Bank. Two build-operate-transfer (BOT) HEP plants are being mooted: the 400 MW Bui project on the Black Volta and the 125MW Pra River plant. These two sites apart, there is little scope for further HEP expansion. Most suitable sites have been developed or would be environmentally insupportable.
In order to develop the solar and renewable energy programmes, the ministry established the RENEWABLE ENERGY SERVICES PROJECT (RESPRO) with funding support from the Global Environment Fund through the United Nations Development Programme.
Petroleum Sector The petroleum sector is constituted into up and downstream operations. The downstream is organized for processing crude oil into various finished petroleum products, storage and distribution and managed by TOR.
The upstream operation is tasked with the exploration of natural resources in the form of oil and gas with GNPC as the institutional body. In order to fulfill this role GNPC engages in the exploration and production of oil and gas fields, the promotion of resources to interested parties, and data management of geological and geophysical information in our laboratories and data storage facilities.
Petroleum Resource As early as 1896, wells were drilled in and around Half-Assini as a result of oil seeps found onshore Tano basin. Today one can still see some of these seeps at Bokakere. Between 1978 and 1985 oil was produced from the Saltpond field. Since the inception of GNPC in 1983 to date, over 30,000 km of 2-D and over 5,000 km2 of 3-D seismic data have been acqired These data are available for review or licensing at the GNPC office.A number of oil, oil/gas and gas fields have been found in the Tano basin. In all eighty-nine (89) wells have been drilled in the country. Six (6) discoveries have been made. It is also worth mentioning that 75% of 50 exploratory wells drilled encountered varying degrees of hydrocarbon shows. Sedimentry Basins Five (5) sedimentary basins have been identified in the country. These are:
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